Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE)

Eastern equine encephalitis (EEE) is a severe and infrequent viral infection transmitted to humans through mosquito bites. This virus, carried by mosquitoes that have previously fed on infected birds, can lead to serious health issues, including inflammation of the brain (encephalitis). Although rare, EEE is highly dangerous, with a mortality rate of about 30%, and many survivors experience significant long-term neurological problems. The symptoms typically manifest 4-10 days after infection and can include fever, headache, seizures, and behavioral changes.

Currently, there are no vaccines or specific treatments available for EEE. Management of the disease focuses on supportive care, including hospitalization and respiratory support. Prevention is critical, and the best approach is to avoid mosquito bites. Measures include wearing protective clothing, using insect repellents, and eliminating standing water around homes to reduce mosquito breeding sites. Special attention should be paid to high-risk areas, especially during peak mosquito activity times such as dusk and dawn.

Recent updates from Massachusetts highlight increased EEE activity with confirmed cases in both humans and animals. Mosquitoes in certain areas have tested positive for EEE, prompting higher risk levels in specific communities. Residents are advised to continue preventive measures to avoid mosquito bites and to be vigilant as the mosquito season peaks during August and September. For those with animals, reducing mosquito exposure is also important, with recommendations including proper waste management and the use of mosquito repellents approved for animal use.